They can be explained by drawing on Pierre Bourdieu's sociological theory in order to consider symbolic interests and the strategies employed to advance them. Similarities between religion and nationalism are well known but not well understood.
With reference to these two novels, the researchers seek to prove the reliability of the main premise of the study. The main objective of the study is to show how these two texts, like many others, incarnate and present both Saudi culture and universal human values. Al-Gosaibi's Freedom Apartment (1994) and Alem's The Doves' Necklace (2010) are works rich in persistent universal narrative themes and images. The study concentrates on Gazi Al-Gosaibi (1940 – 2010) and Rajaa Alem (1956 – present) as writers representing the search for universality in Saudi novel. The basic and core premise of the study, then, is that the production of some Saudi novelists is rich in universal elements. With reference to selected works, the study is an attempt to shed light on the universal aspects in Saudi novel. The study, accordingly, explores the world of Saudi fiction, concentrating on the question of universality, a concern which has been and will remain a core issue of critical and scholarly controversy. In reading of Saudi narrative texts readers, critics and scholars obviously focus on the local and regional aspects, and consciously or unconsciously ignore the universal perspectives that characterize their thematic and technical concerns.
This study is a critical reaction to an outstanding attitude that colors the reception of Saudi fictional works.
Although Saudi novelists face the challenge of a restrictive cultural milieu, they seek to go beyond the local and regional levels and maintain a real significant universal presence. In spite of the short history of the Saudi fiction, compared with the genre of poetry and with the rise of novel in other Arab countries like Egypt, Lebanon and Iraqi, Saudi novelists start to occupy a remarkable part of the space of Arab narration.
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